By Tarryn Greenberg, Senior Lead Publisher, Open Access, Health Learning, Research & Practice, Wolters Kluwer

As an author you may be interested in publishing your research in an open access (OA) journal? Like most things in life, OA has its supporters and detractors. This article will debunk some of the myths surrounding OA and provide you with some benefits of publishing your research under an OA model. OA publishing’s reputation has unfortunately been tarnished due to the unscrupulous practices of predatory publishers. Predatory publishers do not follow standard peer review processes (and in some cases, do not even carry it out at all) collecting APCs to publish unsuspecting authors’ manuscripts, ultimately undermining our trust in the science.¹

Helpful tips to avoid being caught by predatory publishers claiming to publish OA articles

• Before choosing a journal to submit your work to, check to see if your journal of choice is included in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), which is a community-curated online directory that indexes and provides access to high-quality, OA, peer reviewed journals. There are other resources one can consult such as Think Check Submit, a checklist available in more than 40 languages, which can help researchers to select a trustworthy journal.²
• In addition, there are a number of other important questions authors need to consider before submitting a manuscript. Here is a brief list of helpful questions to get you started:^3,4
  • First, if the journal is a reputable journal publishing OA articles, the answers to these four questions should be “yes”:

1. Is the journal publisher a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)?
2. Is the journal indexed by genuine indexes such as Ulrich’s Web (a subscription service), DOAJ, Scopus Preview, or Web of Science? (Note: Newly launched journals by reputable publishers will take time to get indexed in a scholarly database or directory, so be sure to check for additional red flags should this be a concern.)
3. Is there a statement regarding the peer review process or that the journal charges an article processing charge (APC) for OA manuscripts?
4. Does the journal offer value-added services such as reference linking or the proper archiving of previously published papers?

• • Next, ask the following six questions. An answer of “yes” to any of these questions should be enough of a red flag to stop and raise concerns about the journal and its practices:

1. Are there grammatical errors on the journal’s website and emails?
2. Is the Editorial Board either non-existent, or is the same person named as editor of multiple journals published by the same publisher?
3. Is the journal name very broad to attract more content?
4. Is the “home office” located in a small, old storefront or listed as a post office number? Or does the name of the journal not reflect its origin (or does not reveal its location)?
5. Are any of the names/institutions of the journal board members fictitious, or could they be on the board without their permission?
6. Does the publishing opportunity sound too good to be true? For example, is immediate publication promised along with a very high acceptance rate being evident? (If so, it probably is too good to be true!)

For more information on Predatory publishers check out Predatory Publishing: What Is It and How You Can Spot It and Predatory Publishers: Phony Versus Legit

Benefits to OA Publishing

Should you decide to submit your work to a journal published by Wolters Kluwer’s Lippincott^®️ Open Access program, under either a gold or hybrid model of OA, you can look forward to the following benefits:^5,6

1. Widest possible dissemination of your work

OA is the free, immediate, online access for any user, web‐wide, to digital scientific and scholarly material, primarily research articles published in peer‐reviewed journals. OA content is free permanently on all online locations and allows users to link, read, download, store, use, and data-mine the digital content of that article without copyright or licensing restrictions. This means that researchers all over the world will be able to read your research without needing to have a paid subscription to the journal. The OA licenses (the Creative Commons licenses⁷) set some restrictions on commercial and derivative uses of OA content. There is evidence to suggest that OA papers receive more citations than non-OA papers.⁸

2. High standard of production and rigorous peer review

You will receive the same level of high-quality editorial services and support that Lippincott offers for all the journals they publish. The peer review and production processes are the same for the OA articles in the gold/hybrid model as they are for those articles published and accessible by subscription or pay-per-view papers published by Lippincott. All articles will undergo the journal’s standard independent peer review process. For hybrid journals, authors are given the option to make an article OA only after the article has been returned for revisions, or accepted.

3. You retain copyright, licensed under Creative Commons

Authors retain copyright of their work and publish their article using a Creative Commons license. There are several Creative Commons licenses, but each allows authors and readers download, share and reuse from the time of publication. Some licenses limit reuse to nothing commercial or without derivatives and other licenses are less restrictive. Most articles require an APC for the costs associated with submission, peer review, production, publication and promotion, which can be paid by the author, funder, institution, or sponsor upon acceptance. Check out more information on Creative Commons.

4. Compliance with OA mandates

Wolters Kluwer’s OA program (both gold and hybrid) provides authors with a means to comply with OA mandates and meet applicable license requirements. Hybrid OA articles will be made available under the terms of the Creative Commons license and the final version of the article will be deposited to PubMed Central on publication the final version of the provided the journal is indexed in MEDLINE or is funded in whole or in part by the National Institutes of Health.

5. Promotion and publicity of quality research

Wolters Kluwer’s OA program offers the global distribution of freely available, quality OA research on their innovative journals’ platform. Articles published in our journals are promoted through free email newsletters, content alerts, homepage and subject page features, and special promotions.

6. Rapid publication

Our suggested turnaround time goals for Lippincott's OA journals are 21 days from submission to first decision and 35 business days from acceptance to publication. Considering all the benefits mentioned above, OA is a great way of publishing your research, giving you and your work the most exposure and visibility. Below is a list of additional resources should you want to learn more about what OA can offer you.

Additional resources

Creative Commons: a nonprofit organization that enables the sharing and use of creativity and knowledge through free legal tools

Directory of OA Repositories: an authoritative directory of academic OA repositories

Directory of Open Access Journals: an online directory that indexes and provides access to high quality, OA, peer reviewed journals

Horizon Europe: the EU framework program for research and innovation

National Institute of Health (NIH) Policy Details: frequently asked questions about the NIH Public Access Policy

Open Access Directory: a compendium of simple factual lists about OA to science and scholarship, maintained by the OA community at large

OSTP Memo: the U.S. government plans to make the results of federally funded research freely available to the public—generally within one year of publication

Research Councils UK (RCUK): review of the implementation of RCUK Policy on OA (PDF)

Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC): an international alliance of academic and research libraries working to create a more open system of scholarly communication

SHERPA/JULIET: research funders’ OA policies

The Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies (ROARMAP): a searchable international registry charting the growth of OA mandates and policies adopted by universities, research institutions and research funders

Wolters Kluwer’s Lippincott®️ Open Access program: Publishing your work open access with Wolters Kluwer. We offer a variety of open access options to best serve the needs of authors and their funders.

List of research funders and science organizations that have committed themselves to open access.

Glossary of key OA terms

Article Processing Charge (APC): This is a payment that allows the article to be freely available online in perpetuity. The costs cover peer‐review, copyediting, hosting, and promotion of the article. An APC can be paid for by the funder, author, institution, or a sponsor. Additional page and color charges may apply on some hybrid journals. The article processing charges vary for different titles for a variety of factors such as the size of the journal, volume of submissions, etc.

Free access: “Free” is generic for any content at no cost, like a website, YouTube videos, free abstracts, or articles that are made free for promotion. Though the content is free to read, reuse and sharing is limited by standard copyright and licensing restrictions that applies to all non-open access content. Alternatively, OA content is free permanently on all online locations and allows users to link, read, download, store, use, and data-mine the digital content of that article without copyright or licensing restrictions. OA licenses (the Creative Commons licenses detailed above) set some restrictions on commercial and derivative uses of open access content.

Gold OA: Following the payment of an APC, articles are made OA immediately upon publication and the author retains copyright. This can occur in both fully OA journals as well as subscription (or “hybrid”) journals.

Hybrid model: The hybrid model of OA is when a journal has a combination of OA and subscription articles. Authors have a choice to pay a fee for the article to be immediately accessible online. The author retains copyright of the article. OA articles are subject to the same peer review process as any article within that journal.

Open access: The free, immediate, online access, for any user, web‐wide, to digital scientific and scholarly material, primarily research articles coupled with the rights to use these articles fully in the digital environment and published in peer‐reviewed journals.

References

1. Grudniewicz A, Moher D, Cobery K et al. Predatory journals: no definition, no defence. Nature. 2019; 576:210-212. doi: 10.1038/d41586-019-03759-y
2. Boukacem-Zeghmouri C. Predatory journals entrap unsuspecting scientists. Here’s how universities can support researchers. Nature. 2023; 620:469. doi: 10.1038/d41586-023-02553-1
3. Masten YB, Ashcraft AS. The Dark Side of Dissemination: Traditional and Open Access Versus Predatory Journals. Nursing Education Perspectives. 2016; 37(5):275-277. doi: 10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000064
4. The publishing process. The University of Queensland, UQ Library. Accessed September 21, 2023. https://web.library.uq.edu.au/library-services/services-researchers/publishing-process.
5. Wolters Kluwer Open Health FAQs. accessed 11th September, 2023. https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/solutions/lippincott-journals/lippincott-open-access/faq
6. Bindon SL. Open Access: Opportunity and Awareness. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, July/Aug issue, pp189-190 (2015). doi: 10.1097/NND.0000000000000193
7. Creative Commons Licensing Types: https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-types-examples/, accessed 11th September 2023.
8. Wang X, Liu C, Mao W, Fang Z. The open access advantage considering citation, article usage and social media attention. Scientometrics, 103(2), pp 555–564 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1547-0

Image credits

Padlock graphic: Open Access Vectors by Vecteezy, https://www.vecteezy.com/free-vector/open-access